Pontryagin duality

Pontryagin duality - Duality for locally compact abelian groups. Article “Pontryagin duality” in English Wikipedia has 50.5 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 31 references and 18 sections. The article also contains templates indicating quality issues, therefore its score was reduced by 2.66 points.

This article has the best quality in Chinese Wikipedia. However, this article is the most popular in English version.

In June 2025 the article “Pontryagin duality” was edited by 1 authors in English Wikipedia and written by 2 authors in all languages.

Since the creation of article “Pontryagin duality”, its content was written by 124 registered users of English Wikipedia and edited by 303 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 108 times in English Wikipedia and cited 422 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

• Local (English): #5619 in April 2004
• Global: #12271 in May 2004

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

• Local (English): #267256 in April 2015
• Global: #305268 in March 2009

There are 16 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

#	Language	Quality grade	Quality score
1	Chinese (zh) 龐特里亞金對偶性		57.7037
2	English (en) Pontryagin duality		50.5255
3	Hebrew (he) דואליות פונטריאגין		18.3354
4	Korean (ko) 폰트랴긴 쌍대성		18.0075
5	Catalan (ca) Dualitat de Pontryagin		14.8222
6	Japanese (ja) ポントリャーギン双対		13.5886
7	French (fr) Dualité de Pontriaguine		12.2348
8	Serbo-Croatian (sh) Dualnost po Pontrjaginu		11.7912
9	German (de) Pontrjagin-Dualität		11.4473
10	Spanish (es) Dualidad de Pontriaguin		11.1624

More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

The most popular language versions of the article "Pontryagin duality" in all the time

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) Pontryagin duality		573 289
2	Japanese (ja) ポントリャーギン双対		43 625
3	Russian (ru) Двойственность Понтрягина		40 810
4	Spanish (es) Dualidad de Pontriaguin		34 818
5	French (fr) Dualité de Pontriaguine		32 699
6	Chinese (zh) 龐特里亞金對偶性		23 344
7	German (de) Pontrjagin-Dualität		18 699
8	Portuguese (pt) Dualidade de Pontryagin		6 518
9	Korean (ko) 폰트랴긴 쌍대성		4 999
10	Serbian (sr) Дуалност по Понтрјагину		3 993

More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

The most popular language versions of the article "Pontryagin duality" in June 2025

#	Language	Popularity award	Relative popularity
1	English (en) Pontryagin duality		3 116
2	Japanese (ja) ポントリャーギン双対		332
3	French (fr) Dualité de Pontriaguine		211
4	Russian (ru) Двойственность Понтрягина		142
5	Chinese (zh) 龐特里亞金對偶性		128
6	Spanish (es) Dualidad de Pontriaguin		108
7	German (de) Pontrjagin-Dualität		64
8	Korean (ko) 폰트랴긴 쌍대성		33
9	Portuguese (pt) Dualidade de Pontryagin		27
10	Hebrew (he) דואליות פונטריאגין		18

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

Language versions of the article "Pontryagin duality" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	English (en) Pontryagin duality		124
2	French (fr) Dualité de Pontriaguine		38
3	Spanish (es) Dualidad de Pontriaguin		24
4	German (de) Pontrjagin-Dualität		21
5	Russian (ru) Двойственность Понтрягина		16
6	Hebrew (he) דואליות פונטריאגין		15
7	Japanese (ja) ポントリャーギン双対		11
8	Chinese (zh) 龐特里亞金對偶性		11
9	Dutch (nl) Pontryagin-dualiteit		9
10	Portuguese (pt) Dualidade de Pontryagin		9

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The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

Language versions of the article "Pontryagin duality" with the highest AI in June 2025

#	Language	AI award	Relative AI
1	English (en) Pontryagin duality		1
2	Ukrainian (uk) Дуальність Понтрягіна		1
3	Catalan (ca) Dualitat de Pontryagin		0
4	German (de) Pontrjagin-Dualität		0
5	Spanish (es) Dualidad de Pontriaguin		0
6	Persian (fa) دوگان پنتریجین		0
7	French (fr) Dualité de Pontriaguine		0
8	Hebrew (he) דואליות פונטריאגין		0
9	Japanese (ja) ポントリャーギン双対		0
10	Korean (ko) 폰트랴긴 쌍대성		0

More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

Language versions of the article "Pontryagin duality" with the highest Citation Index (CI)

#	Language	CI award	Relative CI
1	English (en) Pontryagin duality		108
2	French (fr) Dualité de Pontriaguine		60
3	Japanese (ja) ポントリャーギン双対		44
4	Spanish (es) Dualidad de Pontriaguin		30
5	Chinese (zh) 龐特里亞金對偶性		29
6	German (de) Pontrjagin-Dualität		26
7	Catalan (ca) Dualitat de Pontryagin		21
8	Korean (ko) 폰트랴긴 쌍대성		20
9	Russian (ru) Двойственность Понтрягина		20
10	Portuguese (pt) Dualidade de Pontryagin		16

More...

#	Language	Value
ca	Catalan Dualitat de Pontryagin
de	German Pontrjagin-Dualität
en	English Pontryagin duality
es	Spanish Dualidad de Pontriaguin
fa	Persian دوگان پنتریجین
fr	French Dualité de Pontriaguine
he	Hebrew דואליות פונטריאגין
ja	Japanese ポントリャーギン双対
ko	Korean 폰트랴긴 쌍대성
nl	Dutch Pontryagin-dualiteit
pt	Portuguese Dualidade de Pontryagin
ru	Russian Двойственность Понтрягина
sh	Serbo-Croatian Dualnost po Pontrjaginu
sr	Serbian Дуалност по Понтрјагину
uk	Ukrainian Дуальність Понтрягіна
zh	Chinese 龐特里亞金對偶性

Best Rank

English: #267256 04.2015

Global: #305268 03.2009

Best Rank

English: #5619 04.2004

Global: #12271 05.2004

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The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information